WEBVTT
1
00:00:00.229 --> 00:00:02.812
(bright music)
2
00:00:03.660 --> 00:00:04.920
Remember when you were a kid
3
00:00:04.920 --> 00:00:06.120
and all the grownups would tell you
4
00:00:06.120 --> 00:00:07.387
not to stare at the sun?
5
00:00:07.387 --> 00:00:10.530
"You'll go blind. You'll damage your retina," as they said.
6
00:00:10.530 --> 00:00:11.910
What did they know?
7
00:00:11.910 --> 00:00:13.080
A lot, actually.
8
00:00:13.080 --> 00:00:14.850
Please don't do that.
9
00:00:14.850 --> 00:00:15.780
But really though,
10
00:00:15.780 --> 00:00:17.490
what if you could stare at the sun?
11
00:00:17.490 --> 00:00:19.740
Even better, what if you should?
12
00:00:19.740 --> 00:00:22.080
Because on April 8th, 2024,
13
00:00:22.080 --> 00:00:24.900
thousands and thousands of people across multiple states
14
00:00:24.900 --> 00:00:26.670
will be doing just that.
15
00:00:26.670 --> 00:00:29.220
Donning glasses made especially for the occasion,
16
00:00:29.220 --> 00:00:30.600
folks will be gazing skyward
17
00:00:30.600 --> 00:00:34.020
in anticipation and awe of the great North American eclipse.
18
00:00:34.020 --> 00:00:35.190
And the best part,
19
00:00:35.190 --> 00:00:38.090
Ohio has a front row seat to the celestial show.
20
00:00:38.090 --> 00:00:41.184
(gentle music)
21
00:00:41.184 --> 00:00:44.351
(gentle upbeat music)
22
00:00:53.880 --> 00:00:55.080
I'm Jacob Carozza,
23
00:00:55.080 --> 00:00:57.240
and you're listening to "Now at Ohio State".
24
00:00:57.240 --> 00:00:59.160
We talk with researchers, innovators,
25
00:00:59.160 --> 00:01:01.410
and bold thinkers who look at our world,
26
00:01:01.410 --> 00:01:03.060
see what the real challenges are,
27
00:01:03.060 --> 00:01:05.373
and create the solutions that people need now.
28
00:01:09.420 --> 00:01:12.000
Perhaps you're not hip to all of this eclipse hype.
29
00:01:12.000 --> 00:01:14.520
Maybe you're in the dark about the diamond-ring effect,
30
00:01:14.520 --> 00:01:16.950
shadow bands and Baily's beads.
31
00:01:16.950 --> 00:01:18.420
If so, don't worry.
32
00:01:18.420 --> 00:01:21.030
Our first guest is here to enlighten you.
33
00:01:21.030 --> 00:01:22.650
Dr. Wayne Schlingman is the director
34
00:01:22.650 --> 00:01:25.710
of the Arne Slettebak Planetarium at Ohio State.
35
00:01:25.710 --> 00:01:28.320
He works with faculty and students across many departments
36
00:01:28.320 --> 00:01:30.540
to fully utilize the technology available
37
00:01:30.540 --> 00:01:33.870
in the fulldome theater and spread the wonders of space.
38
00:01:33.870 --> 00:01:35.040
In addition, he's a member
39
00:01:35.040 --> 00:01:36.870
of the State of Ohio's planning task force
40
00:01:36.870 --> 00:01:38.733
for the upcoming total solar eclipse.
41
00:01:39.720 --> 00:01:41.430
He sits down with our Franny Lazarus
42
00:01:41.430 --> 00:01:44.550
to break down the wonders of what a total solar eclipse is
43
00:01:44.550 --> 00:01:46.080
and what Ohio is doing to prepare
44
00:01:46.080 --> 00:01:48.600
for the influx of people headed to the state.
45
00:01:48.600 --> 00:01:50.400
Everything from traffic planning
46
00:01:50.400 --> 00:01:52.100
to how to view the eclipse safely.
47
00:01:52.967 --> 00:01:56.134
(gentle upbeat music)
48
00:02:00.630 --> 00:02:02.700
Wayne, thank you so much for being here today.
49
00:02:02.700 --> 00:02:03.533
Thank you.
50
00:02:03.533 --> 00:02:04.680
Let's start with an easy one,
51
00:02:04.680 --> 00:02:06.420
which is what is an eclipse?
52
00:02:06.420 --> 00:02:08.550
I understand there are different kinds.
53
00:02:08.550 --> 00:02:10.590
Right, so what is an eclipse
54
00:02:10.590 --> 00:02:13.380
is when something passes in front of something else
55
00:02:13.380 --> 00:02:16.560
and it blocks it out entirely, it has been eclipsed.
56
00:02:16.560 --> 00:02:19.260
So in the case of the Earth
57
00:02:19.260 --> 00:02:21.390
passing between the sun and the moon,
58
00:02:21.390 --> 00:02:22.500
we can get a lunar eclipse
59
00:02:22.500 --> 00:02:24.450
because the moon has the potential to not see,
60
00:02:24.450 --> 00:02:25.710
to be able to see the sun.
61
00:02:25.710 --> 00:02:26.910
So it is blocked out.
62
00:02:26.910 --> 00:02:29.157
The light is no longer shining directly on the moon.
63
00:02:29.157 --> 00:02:30.840
And we can see some eerie colors
64
00:02:30.840 --> 00:02:33.690
because of the interactions with the Earth's atmosphere.
65
00:02:33.690 --> 00:02:35.070
But then on the flip side of that,
66
00:02:35.070 --> 00:02:37.350
if the moon is between the earth and the sun,
67
00:02:37.350 --> 00:02:38.640
then we can get a solar eclipse
68
00:02:38.640 --> 00:02:41.850
where the sun is blocked out from our viewpoint on the Earth
69
00:02:41.850 --> 00:02:44.760
and that ends up being the eclipse.
70
00:02:44.760 --> 00:02:47.460
There are also two other pieces to the eclipse, right?
71
00:02:47.460 --> 00:02:49.380
There can be a total eclipse,
72
00:02:49.380 --> 00:02:50.250
which is where the moon
73
00:02:50.250 --> 00:02:51.990
is either completely in the shadow of the Earth
74
00:02:51.990 --> 00:02:54.240
or where we're observing the sun,
75
00:02:54.240 --> 00:02:57.030
the sun is completely blocked out by the moon,
76
00:02:57.030 --> 00:02:58.410
or there's a partial eclipse
77
00:02:58.410 --> 00:03:00.150
where only a part of the sun is blocked
78
00:03:00.150 --> 00:03:01.920
or a part of the moon ends up crossing the shadow.
79
00:03:01.920 --> 00:03:03.930
And so that ends up being that there's kind
80
00:03:03.930 --> 00:03:06.000
of like different kinds and depending on where you observe,
81
00:03:06.000 --> 00:03:07.200
you might see something different.
82
00:03:07.200 --> 00:03:08.280
But then the two major bodies
83
00:03:08.280 --> 00:03:09.870
are when the sun is blocked or the moon is blocked.
84
00:03:09.870 --> 00:03:11.850
Okay. A solar eclipse.
85
00:03:11.850 --> 00:03:14.220
How rare are those?
86
00:03:14.220 --> 00:03:16.530
So solar eclipses are not very rare.
87
00:03:16.530 --> 00:03:17.580
If we step back a little bit
88
00:03:17.580 --> 00:03:20.610
and talk a little bit about what the moon, the Earth,
89
00:03:20.610 --> 00:03:21.720
and the sun do,
90
00:03:21.720 --> 00:03:23.310
the sun is at the center of our solar system.
91
00:03:23.310 --> 00:03:24.143
Sure.
92
00:03:24.143 --> 00:03:25.560
And then the Earth orbits the sun
93
00:03:25.560 --> 00:03:27.660
and then the moon orbits around the Earth.
94
00:03:27.660 --> 00:03:29.190
If they were all perfectly in line,
95
00:03:29.190 --> 00:03:31.710
we would have a total solar eclipse
96
00:03:31.710 --> 00:03:33.690
and a total lunar eclipse every single month.
97
00:03:33.690 --> 00:03:36.330
But the moon is tilted at a five degree angle
98
00:03:36.330 --> 00:03:38.640
and that's enough that it misses us most of the time.
99
00:03:38.640 --> 00:03:40.350
And so we have eclipse seasons,
100
00:03:40.350 --> 00:03:42.900
twice a year when the moon is crossing the Earth's orbit
101
00:03:42.900 --> 00:03:43.890
around the sun.
102
00:03:43.890 --> 00:03:46.350
So every six months we have this happen.
103
00:03:46.350 --> 00:03:48.147
So we could have a chance to have a solar eclipse
104
00:03:48.147 --> 00:03:49.860
and a lunar eclipse every six months.
105
00:03:49.860 --> 00:03:53.310
It's just when we get to see them, that makes them rare.
106
00:03:53.310 --> 00:03:57.090
So when we have a solar eclipse coming up soon,
107
00:03:57.090 --> 00:03:58.860
it's happening in April, April 8th.
108
00:03:58.860 --> 00:04:01.800
If these are happening so frequently, every six months,
109
00:04:01.800 --> 00:04:03.750
why do we treat them as a big deal?
110
00:04:03.750 --> 00:04:05.160
So they happen all the time,
111
00:04:05.160 --> 00:04:08.280
but it's rare for them to necessarily cross where we live.
112
00:04:08.280 --> 00:04:10.680
So whether that be, you know, cutting across Ohio,
113
00:04:10.680 --> 00:04:12.120
in which case the next time we'll see it
114
00:04:12.120 --> 00:04:14.790
is a hundred years from now, roughly,
115
00:04:14.790 --> 00:04:16.680
once we get past this next eclipse
116
00:04:16.680 --> 00:04:18.780
or even just cutting across the United States,
117
00:04:18.780 --> 00:04:20.460
it's every once in a while
118
00:04:20.460 --> 00:04:22.170
that it comes across North America.
119
00:04:22.170 --> 00:04:24.660
The Earth is covered by 70% ocean.
120
00:04:24.660 --> 00:04:27.000
So it's common for it to cut across the ocean
121
00:04:27.000 --> 00:04:30.960
or maybe just glancing when the moon specifically crosses
122
00:04:30.960 --> 00:04:32.430
that sun-Earth line.
123
00:04:32.430 --> 00:04:33.810
It has to be right in that middle.
124
00:04:33.810 --> 00:04:34.890
And it's such a narrow band
125
00:04:34.890 --> 00:04:37.140
that if it's just slightly different
126
00:04:37.140 --> 00:04:39.330
or it's in a different space, we just won't see it.
127
00:04:39.330 --> 00:04:43.380
What can people expect from a total solar eclipse?
128
00:04:43.380 --> 00:04:44.580
So the first part of the eclipse
129
00:04:44.580 --> 00:04:46.810
is what I call the boring part
130
00:04:47.700 --> 00:04:49.020
because we don't pay attention
131
00:04:49.020 --> 00:04:50.130
to the sun in the middle of the day.
132
00:04:50.130 --> 00:04:51.180
It's shining down on us.
133
00:04:51.180 --> 00:04:52.800
We notice when the clouds come,
134
00:04:52.800 --> 00:04:54.780
but we don't necessarily think about anything else.
135
00:04:54.780 --> 00:04:58.680
If we had a partial eclipse and part of the sun was gone
136
00:04:58.680 --> 00:05:00.180
and it was less than 50%,
137
00:05:00.180 --> 00:05:01.590
we probably wouldn't even notice it
138
00:05:01.590 --> 00:05:03.510
in our daily lives at all.
139
00:05:03.510 --> 00:05:05.790
It's not until you start seeing a significant chunk
140
00:05:05.790 --> 00:05:06.960
of the sun,
141
00:05:06.960 --> 00:05:09.480
kind of like when someone takes a big bite out of a cookie.
142
00:05:09.480 --> 00:05:11.430
And you've really changed the shape.
143
00:05:11.430 --> 00:05:13.080
When we start to see those crescent moon
144
00:05:13.080 --> 00:05:14.790
or the crescent sun shadows on the ground,
145
00:05:14.790 --> 00:05:16.860
that's when we're like, "Wait a second, what's going on?"
146
00:05:16.860 --> 00:05:19.230
And then you notice that there is a partial solar eclipse
147
00:05:19.230 --> 00:05:20.063
at that point.
148
00:05:21.120 --> 00:05:23.220
At roughly 80 to 90% coverage,
149
00:05:23.220 --> 00:05:24.870
you will notice that it got cold.
150
00:05:26.040 --> 00:05:27.457
Your eyes will still say,
151
00:05:27.457 --> 00:05:29.130
"Well, it's pretty bright out here,"
152
00:05:29.130 --> 00:05:31.380
but all of a sudden it's cold outside.
153
00:05:31.380 --> 00:05:32.820
And you're starting to put on a jacket
154
00:05:32.820 --> 00:05:34.860
and everything like that.
155
00:05:34.860 --> 00:05:36.780
And then from that last 10%
156
00:05:36.780 --> 00:05:39.540
is when you start to see everything get dim
157
00:05:39.540 --> 00:05:41.340
and everything starts to get really faint
158
00:05:41.340 --> 00:05:43.000
and the sky starts to change
159
00:05:43.890 --> 00:05:45.540
and animals start to go to sleep.
160
00:05:45.540 --> 00:05:47.380
Nocturnal animals start to wake up
161
00:05:48.360 --> 00:05:51.090
and right when you're getting ready for totality,
162
00:05:51.090 --> 00:05:52.470
you will see the wall of darkness.
163
00:05:52.470 --> 00:05:53.870
It's the shadow of the moon.
164
00:05:54.990 --> 00:05:57.090
It's about 50 to a hundred miles wide,
165
00:05:57.090 --> 00:06:00.330
and it's just coming at you a thousand miles an hour.
166
00:06:00.330 --> 00:06:02.630
You just see the shadow coming through the sky
167
00:06:03.780 --> 00:06:04.953
and it's so cool.
168
00:06:06.090 --> 00:06:08.130
Last little bit, when you're looking up with your glasses,
169
00:06:08.130 --> 00:06:10.290
you might see the diamond-ring effect
170
00:06:10.290 --> 00:06:11.970
where you'll see just the last little piece
171
00:06:11.970 --> 00:06:14.673
of the limb shine up above the rest of the moon.
172
00:06:15.960 --> 00:06:19.140
Then Baily's beads, which are little tiny rays of light
173
00:06:19.140 --> 00:06:21.660
that are poking through the mountain ranges on the moon.
174
00:06:21.660 --> 00:06:23.640
Then you have complete totality
175
00:06:23.640 --> 00:06:26.940
and that's when the sky is dark, the stars are out.
176
00:06:26.940 --> 00:06:28.797
The sky's gonna be darker than 2017,
177
00:06:28.797 --> 00:06:30.570
the eclipse lasts longer.
178
00:06:30.570 --> 00:06:32.580
And so we'll be able to see more stars
179
00:06:32.580 --> 00:06:33.930
and the sky will be darker
180
00:06:33.930 --> 00:06:35.632
for about four and a half minutes.
181
00:06:35.632 --> 00:06:38.215
(gentle music)
182
00:06:47.850 --> 00:06:48.930
I understand you are part
183
00:06:48.930 --> 00:06:51.510
of the state's eclipse planning task force.
184
00:06:51.510 --> 00:06:52.343
Yep.
185
00:06:52.343 --> 00:06:54.240
What is the state's planning task force?
186
00:06:54.240 --> 00:06:56.910
So I was contacted by Ohio EMA,
187
00:06:56.910 --> 00:06:59.070
the Emergency Management Agency.
188
00:06:59.070 --> 00:07:03.570
And they were interested in planning for this eclipse
189
00:07:03.570 --> 00:07:07.200
after traffic was terrible getting out of everywhere.
190
00:07:07.200 --> 00:07:08.460
It didn't matter where you were.
191
00:07:08.460 --> 00:07:10.380
Traffic was just that many people
192
00:07:10.380 --> 00:07:11.940
during the last eclipse in 2017.
193
00:07:11.940 --> 00:07:14.010
And so we started in 2020.
194
00:07:14.010 --> 00:07:14.843
Wow.
195
00:07:14.843 --> 00:07:16.560
And we have been planning ever since.
196
00:07:16.560 --> 00:07:19.320
But it's not just like traffic, right?
197
00:07:19.320 --> 00:07:21.840
There is a lot that goes into planning this eclipse
198
00:07:21.840 --> 00:07:24.810
way more than I figured even as well.
199
00:07:24.810 --> 00:07:27.180
So they've been planning for emergency drills,
200
00:07:27.180 --> 00:07:29.940
they're planning for letting hotels know in advance
201
00:07:29.940 --> 00:07:31.590
so that people are planning ahead,
202
00:07:31.590 --> 00:07:33.180
getting local communities.
203
00:07:33.180 --> 00:07:35.490
So people that are in small towns,
204
00:07:35.490 --> 00:07:36.630
there's a lot of small towns
205
00:07:36.630 --> 00:07:38.190
that are gonna be affected by the eclipse.
206
00:07:38.190 --> 00:07:40.260
And it's not just gonna be a cool experience.
207
00:07:40.260 --> 00:07:42.030
There's gonna be thousands upon thousands of people
208
00:07:42.030 --> 00:07:43.020
that show up.
209
00:07:43.020 --> 00:07:45.120
And they need to be aware
210
00:07:45.120 --> 00:07:46.050
that these things are happening
211
00:07:46.050 --> 00:07:47.880
so they can make their own plans.
212
00:07:47.880 --> 00:07:50.040
So food and transportation
213
00:07:50.040 --> 00:07:52.920
and medical staging and other stuff like that
214
00:07:52.920 --> 00:07:54.660
were all things that we had to work with
215
00:07:54.660 --> 00:07:56.880
as well as advertising and figuring out,
216
00:07:56.880 --> 00:08:00.090
well, what do you do with potentially 500,000
217
00:08:00.090 --> 00:08:01.920
to a million people that come into the state?
218
00:08:01.920 --> 00:08:03.600
Where do you put them? How do you engage them?
219
00:08:03.600 --> 00:08:04.620
How do you keep them here?
220
00:08:04.620 --> 00:08:06.120
So that way we can string them along
221
00:08:06.120 --> 00:08:08.760
and let the people who are gonna leave anyway leave.
222
00:08:08.760 --> 00:08:10.620
But then everybody else sort of sticks around
223
00:08:10.620 --> 00:08:12.060
and then the traffic isn't so bad.
224
00:08:12.060 --> 00:08:13.650
The way that we initially described this
225
00:08:13.650 --> 00:08:15.030
was imagine that in the 3Cs,
226
00:08:15.030 --> 00:08:16.830
Cincinnati, Columbus, and Cleveland,
227
00:08:16.830 --> 00:08:18.270
that you were having the Super Bowl,
228
00:08:18.270 --> 00:08:20.580
the World Series and the Olympics one in each city,
229
00:08:20.580 --> 00:08:22.470
and this is all happening on the same day.
230
00:08:22.470 --> 00:08:23.303
Wow.
Right.
231
00:08:23.303 --> 00:08:26.070
So, like, what are you gonna do to engage these people?
232
00:08:26.070 --> 00:08:29.610
And, like, thinking about that means that I now know
233
00:08:29.610 --> 00:08:31.890
how many porta-potties there are in the State of Ohio.
234
00:08:31.890 --> 00:08:33.510
And we know-
235
00:08:33.510 --> 00:08:34.343
How many?
236
00:08:34.343 --> 00:08:38.130
I think there's 52,600 porta-johns in the state.
237
00:08:38.130 --> 00:08:39.480
And are we going to need more?
238
00:08:39.480 --> 00:08:42.210
We might, but we'll have to get them from other states,
239
00:08:42.210 --> 00:08:43.050
and we have to get them
240
00:08:43.050 --> 00:08:45.060
before other states have requested them.
241
00:08:45.060 --> 00:08:46.350
Sure. First in mind.
But the cool thing
242
00:08:46.350 --> 00:08:49.530
about all this planning is that because we started so early,
243
00:08:49.530 --> 00:08:51.540
every nearby state all the way up through New England
244
00:08:51.540 --> 00:08:54.000
has copied our plan and our framework
245
00:08:54.000 --> 00:08:54.900
and has been using that
246
00:08:54.900 --> 00:08:56.520
in order for every state to be ahead.
247
00:08:56.520 --> 00:08:59.580
So Ohio was the leader in this case
248
00:08:59.580 --> 00:09:02.130
for all of the northeast quarter of the country.
249
00:09:02.130 --> 00:09:03.000
That seems sort of fitting
250
00:09:03.000 --> 00:09:05.370
given how many astronauts have come from Ohio
251
00:09:05.370 --> 00:09:06.990
and all of our space adventures.
252
00:09:06.990 --> 00:09:07.823
That's great.
Exactly. Exactly.
253
00:09:07.823 --> 00:09:10.860
Being able to work with the John Glenn Center for NASA
254
00:09:10.860 --> 00:09:12.630
and others to learn about the things
255
00:09:12.630 --> 00:09:13.590
that they're trying to do
256
00:09:13.590 --> 00:09:15.437
and sort of focus some of our education work
257
00:09:15.437 --> 00:09:18.930
to work together so it's not all just so individualized
258
00:09:18.930 --> 00:09:19.920
has been really, really awesome
259
00:09:19.920 --> 00:09:21.780
to connect with those other education professionals
260
00:09:21.780 --> 00:09:23.760
and scientists around the state.
261
00:09:23.760 --> 00:09:25.560
A lot of the times you hear about safety
262
00:09:25.560 --> 00:09:27.810
when it comes to eclipses that you want to view them
263
00:09:27.810 --> 00:09:29.430
in a way that protects your eyes.
264
00:09:29.430 --> 00:09:30.900
How can people do that?
265
00:09:30.900 --> 00:09:33.360
So that's my big thing on this eclipse,
266
00:09:33.360 --> 00:09:34.500
because it's so dangerous,
267
00:09:34.500 --> 00:09:36.090
you only get one pair of eyeballs.
268
00:09:36.090 --> 00:09:37.740
This is not like you can go out there
269
00:09:37.740 --> 00:09:40.620
and if you accidentally cut yourself that it'll heal.
270
00:09:40.620 --> 00:09:43.290
If you damage your eyes, you've damaged your eyes,
271
00:09:43.290 --> 00:09:45.000
they don't heal in quite the same way.
272
00:09:45.000 --> 00:09:46.710
So if you've hurt your retina,
273
00:09:46.710 --> 00:09:48.960
that's probably permanent for the rest of your life.
274
00:09:48.960 --> 00:09:51.210
And so I'm a big proponent of making sure
275
00:09:51.210 --> 00:09:54.240
that everybody does things the right way and the safe way
276
00:09:54.240 --> 00:09:55.920
because there's no reason
277
00:09:55.920 --> 00:09:58.020
to hurt yourself in order to enjoy this.
278
00:09:58.020 --> 00:09:59.550
So that involves making sure
279
00:09:59.550 --> 00:10:01.500
that you are taking observing precautions.
280
00:10:01.500 --> 00:10:03.330
So the first thing is don't ever look
281
00:10:03.330 --> 00:10:04.800
at the sun with your eyeballs.
282
00:10:04.800 --> 00:10:05.670
Got it.
283
00:10:05.670 --> 00:10:07.350
Yes, every once in a while we'll catch it
284
00:10:07.350 --> 00:10:09.540
and there's not enough energy that is deposited,
285
00:10:09.540 --> 00:10:12.180
but on eclipse day, you're gonna be staring at the sun.
286
00:10:12.180 --> 00:10:14.220
And so if you're looking and trying to see things,
287
00:10:14.220 --> 00:10:16.200
you want to be using proper eye protection
288
00:10:16.200 --> 00:10:17.490
and that's not sunglasses.
289
00:10:17.490 --> 00:10:19.860
That's using certified eclipse shades.
290
00:10:19.860 --> 00:10:22.320
And if I wanted to find these eclipse shades
291
00:10:22.320 --> 00:10:23.850
that are certified, where would I find those?
292
00:10:23.850 --> 00:10:25.470
You can find some of them on Amazon,
293
00:10:25.470 --> 00:10:26.670
but you have to be careful.
294
00:10:26.670 --> 00:10:31.670
You can go to eclipse.aas.org, eclipse.aas.org.
295
00:10:31.830 --> 00:10:33.660
That is the American Astronomical Society.
296
00:10:33.660 --> 00:10:36.030
And they have a whole page on eclipse safety.
297
00:10:36.030 --> 00:10:39.480
You can also go to probably eclipse.nasa.gov,
298
00:10:39.480 --> 00:10:40.440
I think is another one.
299
00:10:40.440 --> 00:10:42.030
But NASA will have a lot of information.
300
00:10:42.030 --> 00:10:44.130
But the biggest thing is buying from a reputable vendor.
301
00:10:44.130 --> 00:10:46.530
Last time there were some international groups
302
00:10:46.530 --> 00:10:47.610
that were trying to just sell
303
00:10:47.610 --> 00:10:49.920
because everybody was looking for them at the last minute.
304
00:10:49.920 --> 00:10:52.650
So that's why it's worthwhile starting ahead of time
305
00:10:52.650 --> 00:10:55.380
and trying to order your glasses before the event,
306
00:10:55.380 --> 00:10:57.450
not right as the event is happening.
307
00:10:57.450 --> 00:10:59.610
And if I can't get my hands on a pair of glasses,
308
00:10:59.610 --> 00:11:00.443
is that it?
309
00:11:00.443 --> 00:11:01.500
Or do I have other options?
310
00:11:01.500 --> 00:11:03.720
So glasses can be shared. So find a friend.
311
00:11:03.720 --> 00:11:05.190
Okay.
312
00:11:05.190 --> 00:11:07.320
But there are plenty of other ways to observe.
313
00:11:07.320 --> 00:11:10.020
If you are in the partial eclipse zone,
314
00:11:10.020 --> 00:11:12.360
whether you are not going to be in the path of totality
315
00:11:12.360 --> 00:11:15.210
or it's not yet totality where you are,
316
00:11:15.210 --> 00:11:16.860
then you can use a pinhole camera.
317
00:11:16.860 --> 00:11:18.000
So this is gonna be taking,
318
00:11:18.000 --> 00:11:19.890
like, find a big sheet of cardboard,
319
00:11:19.890 --> 00:11:21.510
that way there's a big shadow underneath it.
320
00:11:21.510 --> 00:11:22.740
Poke a hole in the middle of it
321
00:11:22.740 --> 00:11:24.240
and then you'll see the shadow.
322
00:11:24.240 --> 00:11:27.720
And then that hole will create a pinhole camera of the sun.
323
00:11:27.720 --> 00:11:29.070
And that means you can see the sun.
324
00:11:29.070 --> 00:11:31.770
As the moon moves across it, you'll see it change shape.
325
00:11:31.770 --> 00:11:34.680
And so as you get closer and closer and closer to that time,
326
00:11:34.680 --> 00:11:36.120
you'll see it get all the way done.
327
00:11:36.120 --> 00:11:38.100
And then once we hit totality
328
00:11:38.100 --> 00:11:41.070
and you no longer can see any part of the sun anymore,
329
00:11:41.070 --> 00:11:42.870
then you can take your glasses off.
330
00:11:42.870 --> 00:11:44.430
Or you can look at the sun yourself
331
00:11:44.430 --> 00:11:46.170
so you can still experience totality
332
00:11:46.170 --> 00:11:48.240
whether or not you have eclipse shades.
333
00:11:48.240 --> 00:11:51.030
Where in Columbus will people be able to see
334
00:11:51.030 --> 00:11:51.960
the path of totality?
335
00:11:51.960 --> 00:11:52.793
Is it going to be-
336
00:11:52.793 --> 00:11:55.470
It doesn't cross the Columbus City limits.
337
00:11:55.470 --> 00:11:56.753
Oh, okay.
So don't.
338
00:11:56.753 --> 00:11:58.950
Okay. (laughs)
339
00:11:58.950 --> 00:12:01.440
And I really do think about this
340
00:12:01.440 --> 00:12:02.910
as like the big game, right?
341
00:12:02.910 --> 00:12:06.000
Like we all know that Ohio State and Michigan
342
00:12:06.000 --> 00:12:08.490
are gonna ward off after Thanksgiving.
343
00:12:08.490 --> 00:12:10.860
If you decide to go down there and you have tickets,
344
00:12:10.860 --> 00:12:13.740
but you sit in your car, that's what being this close,
345
00:12:13.740 --> 00:12:16.530
the Columbus close to totality is gonna be like,
346
00:12:16.530 --> 00:12:18.570
is sitting right outside the gates and not going in.
347
00:12:18.570 --> 00:12:19.403
Okay.
348
00:12:19.403 --> 00:12:20.310
You're gonna hear everything.
349
00:12:20.310 --> 00:12:23.070
You're gonna see the sky over there changing,
350
00:12:23.070 --> 00:12:24.570
but you're not gonna experience it.
351
00:12:24.570 --> 00:12:27.510
Whereas if you go into totality by a few miles,
352
00:12:27.510 --> 00:12:30.540
you're gonna be able to see that magical experience
353
00:12:30.540 --> 00:12:31.800
that everyone else is gonna do it.
354
00:12:31.800 --> 00:12:35.070
And really because they happen so rarely for where we are,
355
00:12:35.070 --> 00:12:36.570
it's worth trying.
356
00:12:36.570 --> 00:12:38.250
And where would I need to go?
357
00:12:38.250 --> 00:12:41.130
So basically head west, north, or west.
358
00:12:41.130 --> 00:12:43.560
The diagonal is, like, Dayton is on the center line
359
00:12:43.560 --> 00:12:44.550
and so is Cleveland.
360
00:12:44.550 --> 00:12:48.900
So if you just head towards that, you know, Bucyrus, Lima.
361
00:12:48.900 --> 00:12:51.180
Up that direction, you'll be able to get in.
362
00:12:51.180 --> 00:12:52.013
And it'll be pretty cool.
363
00:12:52.013 --> 00:12:53.730
Marysville should be a good spot.
364
00:12:53.730 --> 00:12:56.580
Okay, so for people who aren't near the path of totality,
365
00:12:56.580 --> 00:12:59.040
aren't near the partial path of totality,
366
00:12:59.040 --> 00:13:00.870
what can they do to see the eclipse?
367
00:13:00.870 --> 00:13:03.150
A great thing would be to look
368
00:13:03.150 --> 00:13:05.340
for some live eclipse cams on YouTube.
369
00:13:05.340 --> 00:13:06.173
There's a lot of stuff
370
00:13:06.173 --> 00:13:07.650
that'll be live streamed from various places.
371
00:13:07.650 --> 00:13:09.690
So even if you are in the path of totality
372
00:13:09.690 --> 00:13:13.530
and Ohio sends its best regards with clouds,
373
00:13:13.530 --> 00:13:17.580
then we'll be able to still see what's going on.
374
00:13:17.580 --> 00:13:19.050
We will see the darkness no matter what,
375
00:13:19.050 --> 00:13:21.390
like in the middle of the day, it will get dark.
376
00:13:21.390 --> 00:13:24.150
No matter how cloudy or nasty the weather is,
377
00:13:24.150 --> 00:13:25.560
we'll still see the shadow,
378
00:13:25.560 --> 00:13:28.140
but it won't necessarily be the same visibility,
379
00:13:28.140 --> 00:13:30.720
won't see the the sky or the sun's corona.
380
00:13:30.720 --> 00:13:31.620
Wayne, this was great.
381
00:13:31.620 --> 00:13:33.360
Thank you so much for all your information.
382
00:13:33.360 --> 00:13:34.875
Thank you for having me.
383
00:13:34.875 --> 00:13:37.458
(bright music)
384
00:13:46.290 --> 00:13:49.080
Eclipses have always held our attention in awe.
385
00:13:49.080 --> 00:13:50.580
For as long as there have been humans,
386
00:13:50.580 --> 00:13:52.620
we've been staring at the stars in wonder,
387
00:13:52.620 --> 00:13:54.780
in searching and for guidance.
388
00:13:54.780 --> 00:13:57.330
Throughout history, eclipses carry major importance
389
00:13:57.330 --> 00:14:00.180
for cultures, civilizations, and communities.
390
00:14:00.180 --> 00:14:02.490
Our next guest takes a look at how previous eclipses
391
00:14:02.490 --> 00:14:04.410
not only captured imaginations,
392
00:14:04.410 --> 00:14:07.200
but also had a part in changing societies.
393
00:14:07.200 --> 00:14:09.000
Jasper Waugh-Quasebarth is the director
394
00:14:09.000 --> 00:14:11.190
and archivist at the Center for Folklore Studies
395
00:14:11.190 --> 00:14:12.390
at Ohio State.
396
00:14:12.390 --> 00:14:14.070
As an environmental folklorist,
397
00:14:14.070 --> 00:14:16.170
he's specifically interested in the relationship
398
00:14:16.170 --> 00:14:18.573
between people and their environments at large.
399
00:14:19.410 --> 00:14:20.250
Through this lens,
400
00:14:20.250 --> 00:14:21.750
he talks with our Franny Lazarus
401
00:14:21.750 --> 00:14:23.580
about eclipses throughout history,
402
00:14:23.580 --> 00:14:25.620
how they were viewed by ancient societies,
403
00:14:25.620 --> 00:14:27.150
and how they played a pivotal role
404
00:14:27.150 --> 00:14:28.800
in shaping our world and culture.
405
00:14:28.800 --> 00:14:31.263
Not just back then, but as we know it today.
406
00:14:32.880 --> 00:14:34.470
Jasper, thank you for joining me today.
407
00:14:34.470 --> 00:14:36.780
I am really looking forward to our conversation.
408
00:14:36.780 --> 00:14:38.430
Absolutely. Thanks for having me here.
409
00:14:38.430 --> 00:14:40.110
So you are the director
410
00:14:40.110 --> 00:14:42.780
for the Center of Folklore Studies here at the university.
411
00:14:42.780 --> 00:14:43.860
What is that?
412
00:14:43.860 --> 00:14:45.360
The Center for Folklore Studies
413
00:14:45.360 --> 00:14:46.890
brings together folklorists
414
00:14:46.890 --> 00:14:49.770
who are operating in different kind of genre conventions,
415
00:14:49.770 --> 00:14:52.800
across different sort of fields in the humanities.
416
00:14:52.800 --> 00:14:55.980
We have people who are in English Latinx studies,
417
00:14:55.980 --> 00:14:59.400
comparative studies who are approaching the field
418
00:14:59.400 --> 00:15:01.440
of folklore from sort of different positions.
419
00:15:01.440 --> 00:15:02.520
And the Center for Folklore Studies
420
00:15:02.520 --> 00:15:05.790
seeks to be this sort of focus for faculty and students
421
00:15:05.790 --> 00:15:08.100
and staff who are doing folklore research
422
00:15:08.100 --> 00:15:11.190
and folklore outreach as a way to support their research,
423
00:15:11.190 --> 00:15:12.510
to support student work
424
00:15:12.510 --> 00:15:15.150
and to bring together student efforts
425
00:15:15.150 --> 00:15:17.070
through their studies and their curriculum.
426
00:15:17.070 --> 00:15:19.740
And also serve as an archive of folklore research
427
00:15:19.740 --> 00:15:21.150
that's produced through the university,
428
00:15:21.150 --> 00:15:23.400
through student work and faculty work.
429
00:15:23.400 --> 00:15:26.160
While we're here today to talk about eclipses
430
00:15:26.160 --> 00:15:29.970
and the folklore that can develop around them,
431
00:15:29.970 --> 00:15:32.130
let's talk about some of the things that you learned.
432
00:15:32.130 --> 00:15:33.690
I'm an environmental folklore,
433
00:15:33.690 --> 00:15:37.200
so I'm specifically interested in the interactions
434
00:15:37.200 --> 00:15:40.110
between people and their environments sort of writ large
435
00:15:40.110 --> 00:15:41.940
and specifically what we might,
436
00:15:41.940 --> 00:15:43.710
I guess sort of crassly refer to
437
00:15:43.710 --> 00:15:45.300
as the natural environments.
438
00:15:45.300 --> 00:15:46.966
Although we'll problematize the category
439
00:15:46.966 --> 00:15:49.170
of nature and culture as well.
440
00:15:49.170 --> 00:15:51.870
And looking at those relationships and those interactions.
441
00:15:51.870 --> 00:15:55.200
So I come at this particular topic through that lens
442
00:15:55.200 --> 00:15:57.540
and thinking about what are the ways, the everyday ways,
443
00:15:57.540 --> 00:15:59.850
that people might encounter an eclipse,
444
00:15:59.850 --> 00:16:02.940
while also thinking about the other sort of genres
445
00:16:02.940 --> 00:16:05.700
and conventions in folklore, including a narrative study,
446
00:16:05.700 --> 00:16:07.140
that might tell us more
447
00:16:07.140 --> 00:16:09.540
about people's relationship to an eclipse.
448
00:16:09.540 --> 00:16:11.580
So looking at the history in folklore studies
449
00:16:11.580 --> 00:16:13.710
of understanding how folk tales
450
00:16:13.710 --> 00:16:16.380
and other sorts of folk narrative also related people
451
00:16:16.380 --> 00:16:19.560
to this kind of celestial environmental event.
452
00:16:19.560 --> 00:16:21.960
I understand when you were preparing to come
453
00:16:21.960 --> 00:16:24.210
and speak with me today, you were doing research on eclipses
454
00:16:24.210 --> 00:16:28.800
that you used a special resource to begin your studying.
455
00:16:28.800 --> 00:16:30.240
What is that resource?
456
00:16:30.240 --> 00:16:32.310
Yeah, so I brought with me today actually
457
00:16:32.310 --> 00:16:35.940
the Stith Thompson Motif-Index of Folk-Literature,
458
00:16:35.940 --> 00:16:38.160
which came out in the mid 20th century,
459
00:16:38.160 --> 00:16:40.020
following in the footsteps
460
00:16:40.020 --> 00:16:42.960
of previous motif-indexes of folk literature
461
00:16:42.960 --> 00:16:45.840
that were produced specifically about European folklore
462
00:16:45.840 --> 00:16:47.400
and folk narrative.
463
00:16:47.400 --> 00:16:51.270
And so what Stith Thompson did, he was an American folklore,
464
00:16:51.270 --> 00:16:54.450
and what he did was did a comprehensive sort of analysis
465
00:16:54.450 --> 00:16:58.890
of all of the folk literature that was available to him
466
00:16:58.890 --> 00:17:00.600
that had been collected by other folklorists
467
00:17:00.600 --> 00:17:03.600
from the late-19th century through the mid-20th century.
468
00:17:03.600 --> 00:17:07.290
And drew upon those to sort of find little motifs
469
00:17:07.290 --> 00:17:11.160
that are related to a specific kind of interaction
470
00:17:11.160 --> 00:17:12.420
that happens in a folktale
471
00:17:12.420 --> 00:17:15.690
or a specific kind of being that emerges in a folktale
472
00:17:15.690 --> 00:17:17.370
or a specific kind of symbol
473
00:17:17.370 --> 00:17:19.500
that maybe is circulating in a folk tale
474
00:17:19.500 --> 00:17:22.710
and put it in this huge multi-volume set
475
00:17:22.710 --> 00:17:24.840
where each motif is then assigned
476
00:17:24.840 --> 00:17:27.510
a specific sort of catalog number.
477
00:17:27.510 --> 00:17:29.070
So you crack open the book
478
00:17:29.070 --> 00:17:30.600
and you go to the eclipse section?
479
00:17:30.600 --> 00:17:33.150
Yeah, exactly. So I have it here with me right now.
480
00:17:33.150 --> 00:17:38.150
So it starts A737 is causes of eclipse, sun or moon.
481
00:17:38.430 --> 00:17:39.390
And then it goes down
482
00:17:39.390 --> 00:17:41.820
to even a more sort of specific catalog.
483
00:17:41.820 --> 00:17:46.820
So we get A737.0.1, origin of the eclipse of the moon.
484
00:17:46.920 --> 00:17:51.720
A737.1, and this one is actually probably the largest,
485
00:17:51.720 --> 00:17:52.950
which people might expect,
486
00:17:52.950 --> 00:17:56.070
eclipse caused by a monster devouring sun or moon.
487
00:17:56.070 --> 00:17:59.160
And then from there he can list other sort of motifs
488
00:17:59.160 --> 00:18:02.970
of how people explain what a solar eclipse is
489
00:18:02.970 --> 00:18:04.583
and what it means to them.
490
00:18:04.583 --> 00:18:05.910
So you said it so casually,
491
00:18:05.910 --> 00:18:07.980
a monster devouring the sun or moon.
492
00:18:07.980 --> 00:18:10.140
So that was a pretty common motif then?
493
00:18:10.140 --> 00:18:11.310
Yeah, I think it is.
494
00:18:11.310 --> 00:18:14.160
So if you look at the paragraph that follows that,
495
00:18:14.160 --> 00:18:15.360
of all these different citations,
496
00:18:15.360 --> 00:18:17.070
they're coming from all throughout the world.
497
00:18:17.070 --> 00:18:18.930
So I'm seeing Siberia,
498
00:18:18.930 --> 00:18:22.680
I'm seeing Armenia, India, and South America,
499
00:18:22.680 --> 00:18:25.260
all these different places that we're pulling this from.
500
00:18:25.260 --> 00:18:27.570
So it seems to be a fairly common motif
501
00:18:27.570 --> 00:18:29.760
throughout those different traditions,
502
00:18:29.760 --> 00:18:32.430
although we might also problematize that a little bit
503
00:18:32.430 --> 00:18:33.660
and think about what gets lost
504
00:18:33.660 --> 00:18:35.970
when we put something into such a narrow box like that.
505
00:18:35.970 --> 00:18:38.040
Like how are these actually maybe different things
506
00:18:38.040 --> 00:18:40.350
that are happening that aren't so easily collapsible
507
00:18:40.350 --> 00:18:41.703
into a single category?
508
00:18:47.880 --> 00:18:49.800
In addition to the sun being devoured,
509
00:18:49.800 --> 00:18:52.110
what were some of the other motifs that you came across?
510
00:18:52.110 --> 00:18:55.080
I was actually very attracted to some of the other ones
511
00:18:55.080 --> 00:18:58.230
that were happening, specifically ones that had to do more
512
00:18:58.230 --> 00:19:00.463
with thinking of the sun, the moon
513
00:19:00.463 --> 00:19:03.630
in different sort of emotional states.
514
00:19:03.630 --> 00:19:06.360
So just a couple that really caught my eye.
515
00:19:06.360 --> 00:19:11.010
A737.8, eclipse happens when the sun smears his face
516
00:19:11.010 --> 00:19:12.300
on account of mourning.
517
00:19:12.300 --> 00:19:15.240
So this was captured by a folklorist
518
00:19:15.240 --> 00:19:18.630
who was working in Bolivia, in the Andes, in the Chaco area,
519
00:19:18.630 --> 00:19:20.730
and sort of thinking about the fact
520
00:19:20.730 --> 00:19:23.790
that the sun might be in mourning from some cause of event
521
00:19:23.790 --> 00:19:26.490
and would cover or hide its face in that sense.
522
00:19:26.490 --> 00:19:28.770
And then it was in the responsibility of people
523
00:19:28.770 --> 00:19:30.870
or some other beings to cheer them up
524
00:19:30.870 --> 00:19:34.560
as we do to our, you know, kin and friends
525
00:19:34.560 --> 00:19:36.960
who are experiencing moment of mourning
526
00:19:36.960 --> 00:19:39.720
to bring them back into being, like, a social being
527
00:19:39.720 --> 00:19:40.830
in that space.
528
00:19:40.830 --> 00:19:42.480
So it sounds like there are a few of these
529
00:19:42.480 --> 00:19:45.390
where you have people who are really interacting directly
530
00:19:45.390 --> 00:19:47.640
with the universe, our solar system,
531
00:19:47.640 --> 00:19:50.700
that they feel like they have a connection with the sun
532
00:19:50.700 --> 00:19:52.800
that is beyond just, it's giving me light,
533
00:19:52.800 --> 00:19:53.760
it's making me warm,
534
00:19:53.760 --> 00:19:55.620
that there's a real human connection to it.
535
00:19:55.620 --> 00:19:56.610
Yeah, exactly.
536
00:19:56.610 --> 00:19:58.890
And I think that's what I find really powerful here
537
00:19:58.890 --> 00:20:00.990
is the ability to sustain a relationship
538
00:20:00.990 --> 00:20:03.930
that's not one necessarily of fear
539
00:20:03.930 --> 00:20:06.060
or of power that you often see
540
00:20:06.060 --> 00:20:09.060
sort of in popular mythologizing about the sun.
541
00:20:09.060 --> 00:20:11.070
I think that that idea of like a kinship
542
00:20:11.070 --> 00:20:13.380
or that a sense of taking care of,
543
00:20:13.380 --> 00:20:16.050
in the case of like trying to bring the sun
544
00:20:16.050 --> 00:20:18.090
back out of its period of mourning
545
00:20:18.090 --> 00:20:20.700
and resocialize it back into the community,
546
00:20:20.700 --> 00:20:22.290
there's something that's really wonderful
547
00:20:22.290 --> 00:20:24.890
that I think we can learn a lot from in that moment.
548
00:20:26.880 --> 00:20:29.340
One of the things were eclipses were used
549
00:20:29.340 --> 00:20:30.900
as a way to sort of manipulate a populace,
550
00:20:30.900 --> 00:20:33.660
whether it was it's time to go attack enemy,
551
00:20:33.660 --> 00:20:35.700
it's time to make sure that I am king
552
00:20:35.700 --> 00:20:37.590
for the rest of my natural born life.
553
00:20:37.590 --> 00:20:39.247
Did you come across stories like that?
554
00:20:39.247 --> 00:20:42.000
You know, I remember hearing these kind of stories
555
00:20:42.000 --> 00:20:43.920
at different points in my sort of study.
556
00:20:43.920 --> 00:20:46.200
I also have a background as a historian
557
00:20:46.200 --> 00:20:49.830
and particularly one of colonialism in colonization,
558
00:20:49.830 --> 00:20:52.440
working a lot in North America in those contexts.
559
00:20:52.440 --> 00:20:56.040
So for some reason there's a story about Hernan Cortes
560
00:20:56.040 --> 00:20:59.550
using an eclipse to sort of guise himself as Quetzalcoatl,
561
00:20:59.550 --> 00:21:02.970
the sort of Central American feathered serpent god
562
00:21:02.970 --> 00:21:04.740
and his conquest of Tenochtitlan
563
00:21:04.740 --> 00:21:07.230
and what we refer to as the Aztec Empire,
564
00:21:07.230 --> 00:21:09.150
which is as far as I can tell apocryphal,
565
00:21:09.150 --> 00:21:10.557
that didn't actually happen at all.
566
00:21:10.557 --> 00:21:13.110
There's a couple stories of Columbus
567
00:21:13.110 --> 00:21:14.850
and interactions with the Taino Indians
568
00:21:14.850 --> 00:21:18.900
in the Caribbean trying to use a lunar eclipse
569
00:21:18.900 --> 00:21:20.910
as a way to sort of promote himself
570
00:21:20.910 --> 00:21:23.130
as some grand mythological figure,
571
00:21:23.130 --> 00:21:25.740
as well as a story of him
572
00:21:25.740 --> 00:21:28.830
actually getting his own sailors on his boat
573
00:21:28.830 --> 00:21:31.260
to sort of not throw him overboard in mutiny
574
00:21:31.260 --> 00:21:33.180
by predicting a lunar eclipse, I think.
575
00:21:33.180 --> 00:21:34.013
Wow.
576
00:21:34.013 --> 00:21:36.810
But again, I think that that this sort of sense
577
00:21:36.810 --> 00:21:39.030
may also like much of folklore
578
00:21:39.030 --> 00:21:40.020
and how it circulates in the world
579
00:21:40.020 --> 00:21:41.580
speak more about us right now
580
00:21:41.580 --> 00:21:44.610
than it does about a particular historical situation
581
00:21:44.610 --> 00:21:46.080
that it's set in,
582
00:21:46.080 --> 00:21:48.270
in our own ways that we characterize
583
00:21:48.270 --> 00:21:50.520
and particularly indigenous people throughout the world
584
00:21:50.520 --> 00:21:52.290
through the colonization process,
585
00:21:52.290 --> 00:21:54.900
that they were somehow irrational,
586
00:21:54.900 --> 00:21:57.780
that they were particularly superstitious
587
00:21:57.780 --> 00:22:00.210
in a way that that colonizing forces were,
588
00:22:00.210 --> 00:22:02.730
and that they were able to be taken advantage of
589
00:22:02.730 --> 00:22:03.990
because of this.
590
00:22:03.990 --> 00:22:08.040
So the only, you know, strong story that I can find
591
00:22:08.040 --> 00:22:09.810
that sort of involves this interaction
592
00:22:09.810 --> 00:22:13.260
is one that took place here in Ohio and in Indiana
593
00:22:13.260 --> 00:22:15.120
in the early 19th century.
594
00:22:15.120 --> 00:22:17.460
Tecumseh and his brother Tenskwatawa
595
00:22:17.460 --> 00:22:20.790
were involved in sort of creating a pan-Indian movement
596
00:22:20.790 --> 00:22:24.120
to sort of counter the increasing colonization
597
00:22:24.120 --> 00:22:25.890
of what was called the Northwest Territory
598
00:22:25.890 --> 00:22:27.600
and then the Indiana Territory
599
00:22:27.600 --> 00:22:30.960
by the sort of nascent United States government.
600
00:22:30.960 --> 00:22:33.510
And so William Henry Harrison,
601
00:22:33.510 --> 00:22:36.720
who was at the time the governor of the Indiana Territory,
602
00:22:36.720 --> 00:22:38.970
and then later became the president,
603
00:22:38.970 --> 00:22:42.133
largely, and thanks to his conflict with Tecumseh
604
00:22:42.133 --> 00:22:45.480
and Tenskwatawa in the conflict at Tippecanoe,
605
00:22:45.480 --> 00:22:47.100
challenge Tenskwatawa.
606
00:22:47.100 --> 00:22:50.520
So Tenskwatawa was the spiritual leader of this movement,
607
00:22:50.520 --> 00:22:52.140
or seen as a spiritual leader of this movement,
608
00:22:52.140 --> 00:22:54.390
while Tecumseh was more the political leader
609
00:22:54.390 --> 00:22:56.310
of the movement, the two brothers.
610
00:22:56.310 --> 00:22:57.630
And he challenged Tenskwatawa's
611
00:22:57.630 --> 00:22:59.520
sort of spiritual understanding
612
00:22:59.520 --> 00:23:01.340
of the world that he had this way
613
00:23:01.340 --> 00:23:03.810
of being able to sort of predict events
614
00:23:03.810 --> 00:23:06.120
or understand the cosmology of the world
615
00:23:06.120 --> 00:23:07.980
that was really attractive to people.
616
00:23:07.980 --> 00:23:11.460
So William Henry Harrison challenged Tenskwatawa
617
00:23:11.460 --> 00:23:13.080
to predict some kind
618
00:23:13.080 --> 00:23:15.960
or cause some kind of grand celestial event, you know,
619
00:23:15.960 --> 00:23:17.730
thinking that that would be impossible
620
00:23:17.730 --> 00:23:20.370
and would undermine his role as a spiritual leader
621
00:23:20.370 --> 00:23:22.440
and undermine the effort
622
00:23:22.440 --> 00:23:24.540
and the movement to ban together
623
00:23:24.540 --> 00:23:26.880
several different American Indian sovereign nations
624
00:23:26.880 --> 00:23:30.030
against American colonialization.
625
00:23:30.030 --> 00:23:32.880
But Tenskwatawa did accurately predict
626
00:23:32.880 --> 00:23:33.990
50 days ahead of time
627
00:23:33.990 --> 00:23:37.680
the 1806 eclipse saying that the Great Spirit
628
00:23:37.680 --> 00:23:39.450
would obscure the sun.
629
00:23:39.450 --> 00:23:41.490
And there was a total solar eclipse
630
00:23:41.490 --> 00:23:43.500
that went through northern Ohio
631
00:23:43.500 --> 00:23:47.640
close by to where Tenskwatawa was in Greenville, Ohio.
632
00:23:47.640 --> 00:23:50.460
And the opposite of what we're suggesting,
633
00:23:50.460 --> 00:23:52.560
this motif or this myth that we have,
634
00:23:52.560 --> 00:23:54.810
that colonizers used eclipses
635
00:23:54.810 --> 00:23:58.560
to undermine indigenous peoples in their colonial practices.
636
00:23:58.560 --> 00:24:00.360
We actually have here an event
637
00:24:00.360 --> 00:24:02.190
where that's the exact opposite happened.
638
00:24:02.190 --> 00:24:04.680
And William Henry Harrison was very embarrassed by this,
639
00:24:04.680 --> 00:24:06.930
and it actually led credence to this movement
640
00:24:06.930 --> 00:24:09.960
that was being led by Tenskwatawa and Tecumseh.
641
00:24:09.960 --> 00:24:11.580
Wow. What a story.
642
00:24:11.580 --> 00:24:13.260
Jasper, thank you for joining us today.
643
00:24:13.260 --> 00:24:14.446
Thank you.
644
00:24:14.446 --> 00:24:17.029
(gentle music)
645
00:24:26.340 --> 00:24:28.140
The total solar eclipse on April 8th
646
00:24:28.140 --> 00:24:29.370
will be the last one visible
647
00:24:29.370 --> 00:24:32.820
from the contiguous United States until 2044.
648
00:24:32.820 --> 00:24:35.460
So how do you plan on watching?
649
00:24:35.460 --> 00:24:38.610
How will you experience this grand celestial event?
650
00:24:38.610 --> 00:24:40.590
Will you grab your glasses, get in your car,
651
00:24:40.590 --> 00:24:42.570
and make the trek to totality?
652
00:24:42.570 --> 00:24:45.390
Maybe you'll tune in on YouTube to get the best look.
653
00:24:45.390 --> 00:24:47.040
No matter how you plan on viewing,
654
00:24:47.040 --> 00:24:48.300
we encourage you to get out there
655
00:24:48.300 --> 00:24:51.870
and safely gaze skyward when the big show unfolds.
656
00:24:51.870 --> 00:24:54.180
Because even though we've been told time and time again
657
00:24:54.180 --> 00:24:56.430
to not look into the eyes of the sun,
658
00:24:56.430 --> 00:24:59.370
sometimes, especially when it comes to eclipses,
659
00:24:59.370 --> 00:25:01.175
that truly is where the fun is.
660
00:25:01.175 --> 00:25:03.758
(gentle music)
661
00:25:13.897 --> 00:25:16.480
(upbeat music)
662
00:25:22.717 --> 00:25:24.180
"Now at Ohio State" is produced
663
00:25:24.180 --> 00:25:25.770
by The Ohio State University's
664
00:25:25.770 --> 00:25:27.870
Office of Marketing and Communications.
665
00:25:27.870 --> 00:25:32.870
For more information, visit us at go.osu.edu/now.
666
00:25:33.930 --> 00:25:36.783
I'm your host, Jacob Carozza. Thanks for listening.
667
00:25:37.820 --> 00:25:40.987
(gentle upbeat music)